Case Study Lending And Returning Processes -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Examine About The Case Study Lending And Returning Processes? Answer: Introducation The idea of Cost Accounting is considered as a significant angle for the assembling industry associations. During the time spent cost bookkeeping, accounts use to record, order, examine, sum up, designate and assess every single imaginable course of activities for controlling creation costs that adds to higher benefit (Drury 2013). Throughout the years, two significant costing framework utilized by the organizations are Activity based Costing (ABC) and Traditional costing. Be that as it may, in the ongoing years, organizations have become more enthusiasm for the appropriation of another costing framework that is Time Driven Activity Based Costing (TDABC). In the ongoing years, organizations are confronting different troubles while utilizing the most famous costing framework, convention costing. In this way, for keeping away from the mishaps of customary costing and ABC, Robert S. Kaplan and Steven R. Anderson presents the procedure of TDABC in the year 2004. This report intends to di ssect and assess various parts of TDABC so as to build up its appropriateness in one an Australian assembling association (Christ and Burritt 2015). Therefore, Australian Paper Pty Ltd is chosen. Various pieces of this report break down the significance parts of TDABC like its decoding, includes, its disparities with conventional costing and ABC and its appropriateness in the chose association. Customer Firms Description Australian Paper Pty Ltd make started their business association in year of 1938. Australian Paper Pty Ltd is a vertically incorporated assembling association. The principle activity of the organization is the creation of mash, paper, envelope and fixed items. What's more, Australian Paper Pty Ltd additionally includes in the assembling of office and printing papers, sack, pack, lightweight bundling and industry paper, Kraft linerboard and cardboard animation. According to the giving circumstance, the CEO of Australian Paper Pty Ltd needs to know the reasonableness of TDABC in their assembling activity (australianpaper.com.au 2018). Time Driven Activity Based Costing (TDABC) According to the previous conversation, the advancement of TDABC has been accomplished for defeating the challenges of conventional costing and ABC. In the activity procedure of TDABC, hierarchical chiefs use to straightforwardly allocate the expense of assets with the cost items and it is finished with the assistance of two arrangements of assessments; they are cost per time unit for the asset gracefully ability to the exercises of cost and required time unit estimation for playing out the creation exercises. From that point onward, hierarchical chiefs are required to follow six explicit strides for the calculation of different cost exercises under TDABC (Christ and Burritt 2015). In the initial step, the recognizable proof of the administrations and the exercises is finished. In the subsequent advance, administrators are required to do the estimation of all out expense of every asset gathering. The third step includes in the estimation of viable time limit with regards to each gath ering of asset. In the fourth step, the estimation of unit cost is accomplished for every asset gathering. The fifth step is to decide the evaluated time for every action. The last advance supervisors need to duplicate the unit cost of every asset bunch by the evaluated time of the exercises (Porter and Lee 2013). Highlights TDABC has some significant highlights in the cost bookkeeping and all they are examined underneath: The procedure of TDABC makes it simpler in relegating the expense of various assembling exercises of the hierarchical bookkeepers. It is on the grounds that TDABC takes less time in working than other costing draws near. Authoritative directors can without much of a stretch do the joining of TDABC with the current Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) arrangement of the associations that positively affects the assembling procedure (Emblemsvg and Bras 2012). The execution of TDABC helps the creation directors in the simple and precise age of month creation report. Under TDABC, the hierarchical supervisors become in full use of the creation or assembling limit of the organizations and it makes TDABC more proficient than other costing framework. With the usage of TDABC in the associations, administrators become to gauge the interest of assets in a compelling way (Raeesi and Amini 2013). Directors can acquire positive changes the current costing model with the assistance of TDABC and it doesn't require huge consumption. Within the sight of TDABC, hierarchical supervisors become ready to have little however essential data for fathoming various types of assembling related issues in the organizations. In particular, the usage procedure of TDABC in the assembling firms needs following basic advances. Furthermore, TDABC can be actualized in any sort of association regardless of size of the organizations. These are the significant highlights of TDABC (Kaplan et al. 2014). Contrasts Numerous distinctions can be seen between TDABC with ABC and conventional costing strategy. The accompanying conversation shows the distinction of TDABC with other two significant costing strategies: Contrasts among TDABC and ABC The consolidation of ABC was done as an answer of American bookkeeping norms off base strategy for cost bookkeeping. The principle territory that ABC manages is connected with what the hierarchical chiefs have done in cost bookkeeping rather that what they have spent (Tsai et al. 2012). Simultaneously, the procedure of TDABC includes in the recognizable proof of every offices creation limit and for making the portion of these expenses of asset bunch for the accomplishment of cost goals dependent on the time required for playing out each cost action. Under the strategies of TDABC, one can recognize various cost drivers and cost pool in the creation procedure. Cost pool alludes to the absolute expense related with a specific creation action and cost driver alludes to an element of ABC influencing the presentation and cost of the creation exercises (Langmaak et al. 2013). In the event of the decrease in the interest of work in any creation office, the systems of TDABC helps the hierarch ical directors in the estimation of required nature of the assets discharged. Hence, with the assistance of time condition, TDABC can catch the attributes of cost exercises. The procedures of TDABC encourages in the supervisors to dole out the roundabout expenses with different cost exercises and cost destinations. Simultaneously, cost drivers give help with the assignment of circuitous asset costs among the hierarchical cost exercises. Also, various methods of TDABC give assistance in cost and time task as per the targets of every movement. Aside from this, TDABC and ABC follows diverse six stages for the cost calculation (zkan and Karaibrahimo?lu 2013). In this manner, the above conversation demonstrates towards the presence of significant contrasts among TDABC and ABC. Contrasts among TDABC and Traditional Costing Approach One of the significant contrasts among TDABC and conventional costing is the absence of straightforwardness. The costing approach of conventional costing is simple and straightforward where TDABC works in a mind boggling way. Under the methodology of customary costing, a necessity of cost objective and spent assets can be seen for the reason to assess diverse cost exercises (Weygandt, Kimmel and Kieso 2015). Notwithstanding, the circumstance is distinctive if there should arise an occurrence of TDABC as various cost exercises have reliance on utilized exercises for accomplishing the cost objective. It has been seen that the organizations with huge measure of overheads and huge number of random items have the inclination of the reception of TDABC and it is received out of the necessity of viable and precise strategy for dealing with the creation costs. Under the procedures of customary costing strategy, hierarchical directors use to utilize single overhead pools and they can't for the precise and genuine count of assembling costs (Laudon and Laudon 2016). Also, under the strategies of conventional costing, administrators use to allot cost targets on irregular premise based machine hours or work hours and this angle contrasts in TDABC. TDABC needs the consideration of recognizable items; however conventional costing requires the incorporation of various costs like pay rates, devaluation and numerous others. Under customary costing approach, administrators compute the absolute expense of creation after the closure of the entire creation process. Be that as it may, if there should be an occurrence of TDABC, inputs of the clients are utilized for the assurance of complete expense of creation. In particular, it has been seen that the usage of TDABC enables the hierarchical directors in the decrease of cost of creation with the goal that benefit to can be boosted (Cooper 2017). Subsequently, the above conversation is the proof that there are clear contrasts among TDAB C and conventional costing approach. Examination of the Suitability of TDABC in Client Firm The above conversation conceals light on various variables of TDABC like highlights, definitions and contrasts. Presently, it is required to decide if Australian Paper Pty Ltd ought to embrace TDABC in their creation procedure or not. The accompanying conversation shows the explanations behind appropriateness of TDABC in the organization: The execution of TDABC in the organizations helps the administrators in making legitimate knowledge about different cost exercises of the organizations. It should be referenced this obtained data about the cost exercises has fundamental part to play during the time spent vital dynamic procedure of the organizations so as to wagers run the assembling procedure. Also, the nonattendance of TDABC make the directors unfit to examine the effect of individual exercises on the benefit of the organizations (McLaughlin et al. 2014). The execution of TDABC in the assembling associations makes the differentiation p

Obesity and Healthy Eating

Presentation Obesity has been on a consistent increment in the US bringing about a decrease in the individual’s wellbeing since individuals who are stout are at expanded danger of physical just as psychosocial wellbeing consequences.Advertising We will compose a custom exposition test on Obesity and Healthy Eating explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More The high predominance paces of stoutness especially among kids and young people have caused caution. Calls have been made for direct move to be made and viable techniques and projects executed to forestall the issue. Boss among the numerous arrangements proposed has been the appropriation of sound dietary practices. This paper will contend that the utilization of solid nourishments is the best arrangement in battling the corpulence plague and all things considered, it ought to be embraced by everybody. Weight and Healthy Eating While corpulence can be brought about by contrasting reasons, the truth of the matter is that stoutness is generally restricted to individuals who revel in undesirable food and show constrained movement. This may highlight way of life issues being one of the main sources of the malady. As verification that sustenance assumes a significant job in corpulence, there is an ascent in stoutness among school going kids. This is against a scenery of broad documentation such that food accessible in schools is of low healthy benefit and unfortunate as it is generally comprised of tidbits, quick nourishments and soft drinks. Quick nourishments are the greatest guilty parties in advancing unfortunate dietary patterns among young people. Wellbeing nourishments then again are adjusted and they don't prompt an over the top increment of the carbohydrate content in a person. Selection of solid dietary practices assists with lightening corpulence and decreases the danger of heftiness in any event, further.Advertising Looking for exposition on wellbeing medication? We should check whet her we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More subsequently, good dieting is hailed as the greatest contributing component to an individual’s prosperity and it is related with an expanded personal satisfaction just as longer future. Body of evidence against Healthy Eating Some doubters of smart dieting contend that in spite of the considerable number of endeavors as of now set up accentuating legitimate nourishment, weight is by all accounts in truth developing. The adequacy of good dieting as a way to forestall stoutness is in this way addressed because of absence of noticeable outcomes. While the facts demonstrate that the general public is currently progressively mindful of the advantages of receiving a sound way of life, this doesn't mean selection of the suggested legitimate nourishment by the person. Individuals are proceeding to enjoy undesirable dietary patterns regardless of monitoring elective more beneficial eating regimens. Smart dieting is i n this manner not neglecting to forestall stoutness; rather, it is individuals who keep on overlooking good dieting who are making heftiness rates rise. Conversation and end Obesity is unequivocally connected to deadly conditions, for example, strokes and may likewise prompt diabetes. It would in this manner not be a misrepresentation to guarantee that stoutness is an exceptional sickness. This is a view that is shared by the CDC who place weight as second just to smoking in the preventable reasons for early passing. Stoutness likewise makes up a lot of the yearly social insurance consumption in the US. This being the situation, all proportions of forestalling stoutness ought to be taken up. This paper set out to contend that utilization of sound food assists with forestalling corpulence. This paper has successfully exhibited that unfortunate dietary patterns are the primary driver of obesity.Advertising We will compose a custom exposition test on Obesity and Healthy Eating explicit ly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More It can accordingly be gathered that wellbeing eating will decrease the predominance of heftiness which will be useful to the person since it will prompt an improved personal satisfaction. This paper on Obesity and Healthy Eating was composed and put together by client Elise Walker to help you with your own investigations. You are allowed to utilize it for research and reference purposes so as to compose your own paper; notwithstanding, you should refer to it appropriately. You can give your paper here.

Bull fighting free essay sample

Presentation: For a considerable length of time, individuals have been getting a charge out of various types of engaging, and here in Mexico, it is about the â€Å"fiestas† and having a ton of fun. That’s why, we have received a few customs from everywhere throughout the world. We embraced Halloween from the United States, we received salsa moving from Colombia and Cuba, we even gathering with liquor that come legitimately from Europe. In any case, there’s one thing that doesn’t do right by me of being Mexican a receiving customs, and that’s embracing bullfightings from Spain. This custom is as old and mainstream to us, Mexicans, as soccer, yet is has nothing to do with having some good times. This paper isn't only for prepared purposes. This article is made for individuals to comprehend what bullfighting truly implies and is about. Bullfighting is a demonstration of cold-bloodedness that necessities to stop right away. Bullfightings are a convention that is being discussed all around the globe. We will compose a custom paper test on Bull battling or on the other hand any comparative theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page This subject has been an enormous discussion throughout recent years, regardless of whether creature sweethearts are against or conventional individuals are in favor, this is by all accounts effectively sort of a clichã ©. What I need to show is that bullfighting isn't right since it shouldn’t be a clichã ©, and it shouldn’t even involve tastes. Bullfighting isn't right, as a matter of first importance, since you can't hurt a creature and legitimize it by saying that it is only a custom. It’s like slaughtering a child and saying that it was only a game your family plays during New Year’s Eve. That is to say, you just can't slaughter a creature before a huge number of individuals and claim to be the saint of the story, since you are just being a legend for the eyes of killers. Something else that irritates me is the way that individuals simply infer that bulls are conceived for that, for battling. That contention is as invalid as it sounds, on the grounds that no creature ought to ever be brought up in request to be tormented. What bulls experience is much harder that individuals think. The entire execution of the bull being a forceful beast attempting to slaughter the â€Å"matador† is arranged. Above all else, bulls aren’t forceful by any means. Truth be told, they are very quieted creatures. They are just furious at the bullfighter since they have been incited. The bull that goes in front of an audience isâ extremely frail and practically visually impaired. He is additionally confused and terrified as a result of the shouts and hollering of the crowd. The torment they endure when nobody can watch is a great deal more regrettable than the torment they experience at the field. They are pummeled, hit and in some cases even consumed. The inqu iry here is, would similar individuals that do that to a bull, have the option to do that to their own family? Obviously they wouldn’t, yet they don’t stop and think about that since they disregard that the bull is alive, and it’s breathing and living simply like any other person. The last contention I’ve run over with is that it doesn’t matter that the bull endures, in light of the fact that toward the end, he was going to pass on in any case. Everything I can say is that individuals can't continue living that way, saying that the merciless torment of a creature doesn’t matter by any means, since today it very well may be a bull, however tomorrow, you can talk like that about youngsters or individuals. Harming a creature is still a wrongdoing than harming a person. A creature can feel the entire time. They can be apprehensive and terrified to. Not on the grounds that they can't talk or to cry doesn’t imply that they don't feel. A creature is alive, as I have expressed already, and it has the right to be dealt with the correct way. Bull fightings are only the showing of humankind going down the slope. Bulls don't have the right to endure, as some other creature or person. Taking everything into account, I consider that bull fightings aren't right since they increment the degree of cold-bloodedness we have, here in Mexico, yet additionally everywhere throughout the world. Mankind should spare creatures and be appreciative for them, not securing them a field and have a lot of men tossing â€Å"banderillas† at them only for individuals to be engaged. There is nothing of the sort as feeling engaged for a demonstration of mercilessness like that. Bull battling should stop promptly, and individuals should open their eyes and face reality. Every year, in excess of 40,000 bulls butchered in stages, before many eyes, however nobody appears to mind by any means. That number needs to diminish, just as the demonstrations of creature misuse all around the globe. We shouldn’t feel joy over these sort of exhibitions. We, truth be told, shouldn’t feel something besides appall and ghastliness. Humankind can't wind up this way, slaughtering bulls for no particular reason. Let’s open everybody’s eyes and start another time. Let’s start a period where no bulls are being killed, and no creature is being tormented. Blueprint: Postulation explanation: Bullfighting is a demonstration of pitilessness that necessities to stop promptly Supporting Argument 1: Bullfightings are a custom that is being discussed all around the globe. Restricting Argument: You can't hurt a creature and legitimize it by saying that it is only a custom. Supporting Argument 2. Individuals simply infer that bulls are conceived for that, for battling. Contradicting Argument: Because no creature ought to ever be brought up in request to be tormented. Supporting Argument 3. It doesn’t matter that the bull endures, on the grounds that toward the end, he was going to bite the dust in any case Opposing contention: Hurting a creature is still a wrongdoing than harming a person.

Criminological Theories A comparison Between Control Theories and Essay

Criminological Theories An examination Between Control Theories and Scocial control Theories of Crime - Essay Example The social control they depict isn't through Laws, however through Beliefs and cultural Norms. Be that as it may, these standards could later advance into Laws, morals, Etiquettes and Customs . The Control is affected through building up similarity and consistence to these standards. SOCIAL CONTROL THEORIES are seen along two points of view. The Macro social and Micro social points of view . The Macro Social Perspective looks at the Formal Control Systems which incorporate the Legal frameworks, Law masters, anterooms which impact laws, which exercise authority over the general public. Miniaturized scale Social Perspective, examines the INFORMAL control frameworks. practiced by Families, strict and instructive establishment and companion gatherings. This Informal control shows as Bonding ,Re Integrative Shaming, Attachment, and Learning through Role Models. The control hypotheses center around an individual's Relationship to their folks, educators, ward clerics and mentors who go about as specialists of socialization - .A kid's Effective association with these operators converts into securities with society.(Hirschi1960) Control Theories study the disguise of Moral codes and the stakes and ties in the network the people creates, which make them as far as possible their degenerate behaviour.These are Informal controls practiced by social and familial securities. It is progressively a self idea. The most persuasive among the Control Theories are, John Bolwlby 's Attachment Theory, Travis Hirschi's Social Bonds Theory , the Age Graded Life course Theory of Sampson and Laube and the General Theory of Crime by Gottferson and Hirschi (1999) The Control Theory of Delinquency was introduced by Travis Hirsche in 1969. It rose up out of the Social Disorganization Theory (Western Criminology Review)which was gradually losing its glory around then. Hirschi submitted his general direction to this hypothesis which held that Disorganized people group produce wrongdoing as casual social controls have broken down.It was John Bowlby who initially coasted the enthusiastic viewpoint in social control in his Attachment Theory in 1969.Hirschi blends both these points of view . Hirschi's Control Theory sets that it isn't so much the Individual's character, yet his social Relationships and social bonds which decide the aberrance or similarity of his Behavior. Nonappearance of Control practiced by those bonds left him allowed to gauge the benefits against chance . Connection to others make him more averse to be freak. Both Hirschi and Bowlby stress Parental childhood in ingraining socialization. The gathering of passionate venture by guardians creates Empathy in the individual , which increases his control and help him to Desist from acts abusing the shows. .The other Control speculations, The General Theory of Crime, The Age Graded Life Course Theory that followed, recognized the SELF idea .They clarified how at a Micro point of view, Informal social bonds which are from the outset outer, become disguised . Gottferson and Hirschi (1990) , and later,Sampson and Laube (1993)in their Age Graded Life Course Perspective said that there is a relationship of causes between the later degenerate conduct and the

The Physical Effects of Methamphetamine Use

The Physical Effects of Methamphetamine Use Addiction Drug Use Meth Print The Physical Effects of Methamphetamine Use By Buddy T facebook twitter Buddy T is an anonymous writer and founding member of the Online Al-Anon Outreach Committee with decades of experience writing about alcoholism. Learn about our editorial policy Buddy T Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on September 02, 2014 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on August 14, 2019 More in Addiction Drug Use Meth Cocaine Heroin Marijuana Ecstasy/MDMA Hallucinogens Opioids Prescription Medications Alcohol Use Addictive Behaviors Nicotine Use Coping and Recovery A highly addictive and powerful stimulant, methamphetamine (most commonly known as meth) affects the central nervous system and results in a number of adverse physical effects on the body, some of which appear immediately while others develop over time. Methamphetamine belongs to a class of drugs known as amphetamines or stimulants. Adderall (amphetamine/dextroamphetamine), which is used to treat attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), also belongs to this class. But unlike FDA-approved medications like Adderall, illicit methamphetamines like crystal meth (which gets its name from its glassy appearance) and powdered street meth have long been thought to have a higher potential for misuse. There are many  effects of methamphetamine use, some of which have a shocking effect on a persons physical appearance. Other devastating health issues, such as those that affect the heart and brain, may not be outwardly visible. Dental Problems Long-term methamphetamine use results in severe dental problems (sometimes called meth mouth).?? The dental problems from methamphetamine use typically are caused by a combination of poor nutrition and poor dental hygiene as well as conditions caused by the drug. The use of meth often results in a condition known as xerostomia, or dry mouth, which can result in tooth decay and gum disease. Use can also lead to the development of bruxism, grinding and clenching of the teeth, which can cause tooth enamel to fracture over time.?? One analysis reported that 96% of people who used methamphetamine had cavities, 58% had tooth decay that was untreated, and 31% had six or more missing teeth.?? People who use methamphetamine also have higher rates of periodontal disease and are more likely to have other conditions such as disorders of the temporomandibular joint. Contrary to popular belief, research shows that individuals who smoke methamphetamine do not have higher rates of dental disease than those who snort or inject the drug.?? Skin Issues Skin issues are among the most highly visible effects of methamphetamine use. Methamphetamine inhibits the bodys ability to repair itself. People who use meth can develop a host of skin issues including acne. Over time, the skin may begin to lose its luster and elasticity. Most notably, skin sores can develop as a result of formication, which is the sensation of insects crawling underneath your skin. The sensation commonly leads to obsessive, skin-damaging picking and scratching. Weight Loss Another physical effect of methamphetamine use is weight loss. Continued use of the drug can result in a gaunt, frail appearance. The drugs stimulant properties can create excessive spells of physical activity while at the same time suppressing the appetite.?? People who use methamphetamine not only have a decreased appetite, but are often agitated and energetic leading to fast weight loss. Nutritional deficits take a toll on the skin as well, contributing to an older appearance. Heart Damage Methamphetamine is responsible for a variety of cardiovascular problems, including rapid heart rate, irregular heartbeat, and increased blood pressure.??  Chronic use can cause the heart muscle to become enlarged, thick or rigid, making it harder for the heart to pump blood. According to one analysis, methamphetamine use can also exacerbate pre-existing underlying cardiac disorders like coronary atherosclerosis or cardiomyopathy, which increases the risk of myocardial infarction or even sudden cardiac death.?? And people who misuse methamphetamine appear to be at the highest risk for cardiovascular damage like premature coronary artery disease. Psychosis and Mental Health Concerns Significant anxiety, confusion, violent behavior, insomnia, and mood disturbances can all occur in people who misuse methamphetamine. In addition, a long-term user may present with various psychotic features such as paranoia, visual and auditory hallucinations, and delusions. Unfortunately, psychotic symptoms may last for years after a person has quit using methamphetamine, and stress can trigger spontaneous recurrences of methamphetamine psychosis.?? Structural Changes in the Brain Methamphetamine alters the brain structures that are instrumental in decision-making, hinders the ability to suppress counterproductive, useless behaviors, and impairs verbal learning. Methamphetamine use also is associated with structural and functional changes in the parts of the brain that are linked with memory and emotion, which could explain the emotional and cognitive problems seen in people who use methamphetamine, according to studies.?? The Drugs Adverse Effects May Be Reversed The good news is that certain neurobiological effects of chronic methamphetamine misuse appear to be reversibleâ€"at least partially. One study showed that although the biochemical markers for nerve damage persisted in the brain through six months of meth abstinence, the markers returned to normal after a year or more of being off meth.??

The Global RISK Example For Free - Free Essay Example

On a global scale, several important firms are determined to attain â€Å"Agile management† as this enhances a companys capability to swiftly manage† internal and external† transformation and gain competitive advantage (Khosrow-Pour, 2001, p 831). An â€Å"agile† company is adept in its ability to â€Å"detect changing markets, rapidly learn to take advantage of these market changes, detect new techniques, adapt these techniques to organisational culture† in order to incorporate them into the company â€Å"while maintaining their spirit†, efficiently exploiting them to meet changing â€Å"standards in diverse markets† and adapting â€Å"products to individual preferences† (Desouza, 2006, p123). To be able to react rapidly to transformation by making â€Å"quick decisions† on methods to counter the transformation and consequently execute the methods, it is crucial for organisations to effectively utilis e Information Technology (Khosrow-Pour, 2001, p 831). A Management information System (MIS) is useful by way of its procedure and as such it must be effortlessly up to standard for a firm (Khosrow-Pour, 2001, p 831). The usefulness of MIS is measured by how much the system is utilised, whether end-users are content with the system, â€Å"favourable attitudes about MIS functions, achievement of objectives† and whether it increases business profitability (Khosrow-Pour, 2001, p 831). MIS Risk As an MIS system is made up of â€Å"hardware and software†, consequently transformations in the system make it susceptible to a â€Å"penalty of change† such as â€Å"system failure† or other costly time consuming risks (Khosrow-Pour, 2001, p 831). As such technology must be effectively applied to the MIS â€Å"infrastructure (hardware, software and data)† in order to eliminate or minimise system risk (Khosrow-Pour, 2001, p 831). MIS issue A â€Å"field research† at a UK bank to analyse a â€Å"multidisciplinary† move towards â€Å"empirical investigation† on handling Information Technology concluded that the dialogue between those â€Å"who request development of a management information system (MIS), the client or sponsor and the technologists† who build the systems usually creates a â€Å"confused picture† (Currie, 1995, p7). The clients are usually not clear about their systems requirements and consequently this leaves room for interpretation on the part of the â€Å"technologists† (Currie, 1995, p7). In addition, an â€Å"ad hoc approach† originates from problems experienced by â€Å"project managers† in detecting suitable â€Å"financial and non-financial performance† measures for continuous observing and managing of Information Technology projects (Currie, 1995, p7). How to address the MIS issue The issue is a result of miscommunication between the business and Information Technology. Management has to ensure that the dialogue between the two teams is effective and also that organisation goals such as high productivity and cost reduction are included in the planning of an MIS systems implementation or change. Design/UCD Failures Strategic Information Systems can sustain and â€Å"shape† business strategy to impact â€Å"organisational performance† in a relationship that forms a â€Å"trilogy† (Croteau et al, 2001, p78) however; the design and development† of Information Systems plays a major factor in the use of Information Technology (Das et al 1991, cited in Croteau et al 2001, page 80). User centred design places the end users requirements and ability at the â€Å"forefront†, conversely current technology focuses on the quest for technology answers with no consideration for the end users requirements in terms of â€Å"functionality† and ease of use (Kent et al, 2003, p87). UCD Failures An eminent online book retailers first online ordering system had a major costly flaw (Hambling et al, 2008, p10). System developers had included an electronic refund facility that allowed users to receive credit on their debit or credit cards if they purchased a negative number of books (Hambling et al, 2008, p10). During testing the systems developers did not anticipate that online shoppers would try to order a negative number (Hambling et al, 2008, p10). The program was amended to allow only the retailers administrative staff to carry out refunds (Hambling et al, 2008, p10). Another UCD failure resulting from inadequate software design and testing was when the â€Å"European Space Agency Ariane 5† was initially launched in June 1996 and failed after 37.5 seconds (Hambling et al, 2008, p10). A software glitch resulted in the rocket deviating from its â€Å"vertical ascent† and had to be put into â€Å"self-destruct† mode to prevent the disastrous cons equences of an active horizontal rocket (Hambling et al, 2008, p10). Furthermore, when the UK government launched â€Å"online filing tax returns†, a weak security design allowed access to other users confidential earnings data regardless of log in location (Hambling et al, 2008, p10). How to prevent UCD failures A manager must ensure that the end users of the system are the main focus of any system design with particular reference to a users computer skills, security and the main objective of building the system, to improve business process. Consequently if the design is user focused; it is bound to function as intended. In addition, User Acceptance Testing (UAT) is the process whereby end users test a system to ensure that it â€Å"meets their business needs† (Hambling et al, 2008, p45). Although this process is seen as the responsibility of the end users of a system, it should be managed by managers to prevent errors (Hambling et al, 2008, p45). Project Failures A failed project is one that exceeds its set budget, over runs, does not incorporate organisational goals or just one that is cancelled (Standish Group International 1994, cited in Linberg 1999, page178). The proportion of IT systems failure is still high when compared to other technologically advanced projects (Yeo, 2002) and although there have been some â€Å"success stories† in systems â€Å"development† projects these have been overshadowed by â€Å"broadly publicised failures† (Linberg, 1999, p177). When Information Systems projects fail, the trustworthiness of technical staff is negatively impacted (Remenyi, 1999, p5) and it is believed that the lack of risk management has greatly contributed to these project failures (Remenyi, 1999, p9). With particular reference to Information Systems projects, failure can range from little technical hardware problems to total â€Å"system failure† that harms a firms business activity by creating huge cost s (Remenyi, 1999, p19). Consequently, ineffective risk management is synonymous with leaving the results of a project to chance and â€Å"unfounded optimism† (Fairley 1990, cited in Remenyi 1999, page9). Project Failure Issues When there are unrealistic expectations and people â€Å"try to do the impossible†, projects are likely to fail (Linberg, 1999, p177). A good example is a company bending over backwards in an attempt not to lose a significant client (Linberg, 1999). An unrealistic software development project deadline was set and when programmers protested profusely that is was just impossible, more programmers were added on to the project that was already operating around the clock (Linberg, 1999). Needless to say the project failed and the client was not retained (Linberg, 1999). Another example of a failed project was a large one that over run by at least eighteen months, had eight absconding â€Å"team leaders† out of a total nine, lacked clarity in the project definition and involved excessive working hours of more than sixty a week. However because the project was eventually finished, the project programmers did not have see the project as a failure even though it was du e to the very late completion and inadequate project planning (Linberg, 1999). How to address the project failure issues The approach to the first project should have been honest and realistic in order to meet the clients needs and also increase the likelihood of repeat business with the client. This is due to the fact that â€Å"a consulting engagement is successful if the consultant has met client expectations† (McLachlin, 2000) and if this is the situation then† the consultant has enhanced his or her reputation, with expectations of future revenue streams – whether or not any immediate income has been received† (McLachlin, 2000). Consequently business managers should first ensure that they can deliver before taking on the task. With reference to the second project failure, a carefully structured project plan with a clear project definition needs to be in place before management embarks on a project. A well structure project plan with carefully allocated resources, effective risk management and well monitored project stages will introduce and enforce project and b udget controls. E-Commerce and its Issues E-commerce is a compressed name for a broad range of unified business ideas, â€Å"technologies and cultural phenomena† (May, p2). E-commerce is about online retail commerce for certain individuals and for others, it concerns the sale of advertising space amongst other things (May, p2). Nevertheless, irrespective of its definition, E-commerce has warranted a lot of interest and in fact it is a vital transformation in â€Å"the way business is conducted† (May, p2). E-commerce has resulted in creating new prospects for several businesses in various industries to contend in the â€Å"global marketplace† (Chaffey, 2006, p4). As a result of readily available information on businesses, goods and services, companies are rapidly expanding the customer base and retaining customers due to the resulting improved client-customer relationships (Chaffey, 2006, p5). However, E-commerce software programs need more technical support than a good number of conventional â €Å"business systems† (May, 2000, p222). Business to business and â€Å"business-consumer† online programs demand twenty four operations around the clock, seven days a week right through the year (May, 2000, p222). Even though mirror sites are run to ensure â€Å"scalability†, web systems failure still occurs with several pages experiencing downtime (May, 2000, p222). E-commerce Issue A website experienced an overload and needed to be taken offline in November 2005 due it being incapable of handling a lot of simultaneous logins resulting from publicity on some information on the website (Hambling et al, 2008, p10). Although this is a frequent occurrence in todays online activity, the main issue in E-commerce is security risk and as the confidence of shoppers determines the frequency and amount of purchases made online, this is indeed a very significant point. An online consumers perception of security is affected by absence or presence of â€Å"third party certification† software on their websites (Pingjun et al, 2008). A review of a representation of the link between â€Å"third-party identifying logos, trust transfer and trust build-up† based on information acquired from an â€Å"online survey† confirms that when online consumers see a â€Å"third-party seal† on a shopping website, they tend to transfer their trust in the s ecurity â€Å"logo† to â€Å"online e-marketers† (Pingjun et al, 2008). These issues should be handled by anticipate overload from a technical perspective and also by ensure the consumer confidence is gained and retained in E-commerce. New Technology Todays world is an age of unique transformations within technology in the midst of technology transforming communication, work, how business is conducted and how people socialise (Boreham, 2006, p1). When new technology is implemented, it is expected that management will impact how it is adapted by the workforce, despite this, an empirical study states otherwise (Leonard-Barton et al, 1988). When new technology is implemented, staff with existing technical abilities adapt automatically whereas staff low on computer literacy skills wait to be directed by management (Leonard-Barton et al, 1988). However, as an increasing amount of time and â€Å"investment capital† is absorbed by Information Technology and its consequences, business managers have a developing â€Å"awareness† that technology cannot be the â€Å"exclusive territory† of specialised IT companies or the Information Systems department (Porter 2008, p73). Businesses notice their competitors emp loy Information Technology to gain competitive advantage and acknowledge the necessity to become â€Å"directly involved in the management of new technology† although â€Å"in the face of rapid change, they dont know how† (Porter 2008, p73). New Technology Issues New Technology is usually opposed as it usually involves change and people assess the size of the change required. New technology also usually results in a â€Å"large-scale organisational change† and consequently extra caution is applied as individual feelings must be influenced to get people to participate in new technology (Kotter et al, 2002, p1). In theory the opposition to new technology also known as the â€Å"crisis of progress† is as unconnected as it is connected in that community response to new technology impacts new technology â€Å"in a circular process† (Bauer, 1997, p2). Management should address resistance to new technology by first ensuring a â€Å"readiness for change† through training and guidance. References Bauer M, 1997.Resistance to New Technology: Nuclear Power, Information Technology and Biotechnology; Cambridge University Press Boreham P., Parker R., Thompson P., Hall R., 2006. New Technology Work; Routledge Currie W. 1995.The IT strategy audit: formulation and performance measurement at a UK Bank. Managerial Auditing Journal.10 (1). pp 7-16.DOI:10.1108/02686909510077343. www.emeraldinsight.com. (Accessed: 15th February 2010) Chaffey D., 2006. E-Business and E-Commerce Management; Prentice Hall Desouza K. C., 2006.Agile Information Systems: Conceptualization, Construction, and Management; A Butterworth Heinemann Title Hambling B., Morgan P., Samaroo A., 2008. Software Testing: An ISEB Foundation; British Computer Society Kent S. T., Millet L. I., 2003. Who Goes There?: Authentication Through the Lens of Privacy; National Academics Press Khosrow-Pour M., 2001.Managing Information Technology in a Global Economy: 2001 IRMA Proceedings; IGI Publishing Kotter J P and Cohen D S(2002), The Heart of Change; Real-Life Stories of How People Change Their Organizations, Harvard Business School Press Leonard-Barton D., Deschamps I., 1988.Managerial Influence on the Implementation of New Technology. Management Science. 34(10). Pp 1252-1265.www.jstor.org. (Accessed: 16th February 2010) Linberg K. R., 1999, ‘Software developer perceptions about software project failure: a case study. The Journal of Systems and Software.49 (1). pp 177-192.www.elsevier.com. (Accessed: 16th February 2010) May P., 2000. The Business of Ecommerce: From Corporate Strategy to Technology; Cambridge University Press McLachlin R. D., 2000,Service quality in consulting: what is engagement success, Managing Service quality, 10(4).pp. 239-247. www.emeraldinsight.com. (Accessed: 16th February 2010) Pingjun J., Jones D. B., Javie S., 2008. How third-party certification programs relate to consumer trust in online transactions: An exploratory study .Psych ology and Marketing. 25(9). Pp 839 -858. www3.interscience.wiley.com. (Accessed: 16th February 2010) Porter M. E, 2008, On Competition; Harvard Business School Press 2nd Edition Yeo K. T., 2002.Critical Failure Factors in Information systems projects. International Journal of Project Management.20(3). www.elsevier.com. (Accessed: 16th February 2010)

The Roles that Decide our Gender Essay - 1901 Words

It is said, that our parents right or wrong conduct shape our lives and we may become good or bad. The habits that eventually becomes part of our daily lives start in our infancy which may us express ourselves within our world. This can be said of many people growing up. I am no exception for I am the person I am today though in large part because of my mother and father. Growing up and even still today, I thought of the way of my parents thinking: there was nothing either could do. It was as if my parents where magical for any problem that would come up, meaning a broken toy being fixed by my father or my mother making strawberry milk. However at this rather impressionable age I did begin to notice certain habits exhibited by my dear†¦show more content†¦This moment which seemed at least to me as if time was standing still lasted more than five minutes. My mother came to see how it looked and was surprised to find that my father had not been able to hang the clock. She was not surprised that we havent hanged it so much as how to do it in the first place to which my mother in my astonishment showed how easily it was to hang the said clock. It involved quite simply to knock on the wall to find a point that was solid and not hollow and simply hammer half the nail in and simply hang it there, nothing more. My father was delighted to hear this info and thanks my mother and moved on with his day but for me this moment though perhaps I did not know it, changed me dramatically. From this event on I began to see that while there were certainly jobs that my father did it best, it did not mean by any stretch that my mother could not do it nor did it mean she was prohibited to do them, simply that both shared responsibility and choose what to do. I quickly understood that sometimes my parents would switch up jobs as it were no big deal. Whether my father did the laundry for instance or my mother assembled a dining table which from my young stand point seem to big for a woman/my mother took care of with no problem at all. Years later I quickly saw that myShow MoreRelatedGender And Roles : A Great Deal About The Immigrant Experience991 Words   |  4 PagesGender and Roles â€Å"We may look and act modern in many ways, but we can’t escape what we are... obedient chinese daughters.† This quote sums up the world that May and Pearl live in, that no matter the culture, no matter the time period, and no matter the situation, your gender decides your fate or does it? The theme of gender and how they dictate our roles in society run rampant in Shanghai Girls by Lisa Lee. Lee’s novel covers a great deal about the immigrant experience and the struggles they hadRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie Stranger Things 1094 Words   |  5 PagesStranger Things, a Netflix TV show released in 2016, takes place in a early 1980’s era where gender norms play a pivotal role in day to day life for the characters on the show. The town of Hawkins is strangely affected by a series of people gone missing. Will Byers is the first, that is shown to go missing. His friends Dustin, Mike and Lucas are set out to find their best friend. While out searching for Will, they stumble upon a young mysterious androgynous child running from something. Later onRead MoreGender Is A Black And White Topic1195 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction Some people would say that gender is a black and white topic; either you have masculine or feminine traits. In our text it states, â€Å"Gender refers to the socially constructed roles, behaviors, activities, and attributes that a given society considers appropriate for men and women† (Rathus, Nevid, Rathus, 2014, pg. 155). Having said this, what specific factors determine whether an individual is classified as masculine or feminine? From a scientific perspective, it has been proven thatRead MoreThe Case For Marriage Redefinition1231 Words   |  5 Pageslobbyists deny that the meaning of marriage is being threatened. What is really at the heart of this debate, however, is personal liberty. Marriage needs to be redefined to include all genders and the inherent rights that marriage entails. Marriage, thus, is the state of being united with another person, regardless of gender, in a consensual and contractual relationship that is recognized by law. In order to explore why marriage needs to be redefined, we need to take a closer look at the two divergingRead MoreNight to his day858 Words   |  4 PagesConstruction of Gender By Judith Lorber Afterreading Judith Lorber article† Night to his day† the social construction of gender, I realized that we have been â€Å"doing gender† every day without us noticing. These â€Å"doing gender†activities have implement into our brain through life experience, parents and social life. In her article, she â€Å"denaturalized† gender into three different categories: â€Å"individual; society; and gender†. First of all, she talks about how we determine gender for each individualRead MoreDevelopmente of Sexuality and Gender Identity642 Words   |  3 PagesMost children and youth find that the development of sexuality and gender identity is an extremely challenging process. For intersex youth, this issue is even more complex. On top of the emotional, psychological, social and physical challenges of puberty, intersex children are often at the mercy of their physicians to provide thorough, honest information and to guide their decisions. Traditionally, doctors have treated intersex children with a â€Å"concealment-centered† approach—one that devaluesRead MoreGender Roles For Boys And Girls Essay1101 Words   |  5 Pagesboy in the classroom decides that they want to play house with a baby doll or maybe dress up as a princess? Or maybe a girl decides she would rather get dirty and play monster than play dolls. Those children would be going against the typical general roles for boys and girls. Some adults are not ok with children going against their typical role, for example if a boy plays with a doll some adults feel that they are losing their masculinity. However it is okay if a girl decides to play in the dirtRead MoreTransgender Conformity Essay example1171 Words   |  5 Pagesremain ignorant by closing their minds to new or atypical things. In Horrace Mann’s â€Å"From Report of the Massachusetts Board of Education, 1848,† he explains the powers that shape our educational system (Colombo, p. 116). One power he concluded to be intertwined in the educational system was religion. This religious power in our school systems explains why LGBT, or Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Intersex individuals have been discriminated against and condemned. According to many religious peopleRead MoreEssay on Socs 350 Entire Course Week 1 - 81370 Words   |  6 PagesProject: Project Proposal SOCS 350 Week 2 Quiz (11 Questions Answers) SOCS 350 Week 2 Discussion 1 Culture is in the Air SOCS 350 Week 2 Discussion 2 Power Relationships SOCS 350 Week 3 Assignment: You Decide SOCS 350 Week 3 Discussion 1 Take a Walk SOCS 350 Week 3 Discussion 2 Gender Roles SOCS 350 Week 4 Course Project: Reference List and Outline SOCS 350 Week 4 Discussion 1 Board Meeting SOCS 350 Week 4 Discussion 2 Diverse Groups SOCS 350 Week 5 Assignment: Reflection on Diversity SOCSRead MoreGender Stereotypes Essay1326 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Representation Of Gender Stereotypes Essay (Core Text: She’s The Man, Related Text: Bend It Like Beckham) Gender refers to what it means to be male or female in daily life. Gender is different to sex, which is the term used to describe biological differences between males and females. Throughout history, the roles of males and females have changed. A stereotype is an oversimplified and conventional idea or image, used to label or define people or objects. We often have a preconcieved idea